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Sports performance

Hypnosis has long been utilised to improve both sports performance and business executive performance. Perhaps improving an action, such as a golf swing, being more competitive, more relaxed and focussed on one's sport, more dedicated to training... whatever you want in your game you can have it with hypnotic visualisation.

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Vernon, David. (2009). Human Potential: Exploring Techniques 
Used to Enhance Human Performance. New York, NY: 
Routledge/Taylor & Francis Group. 

This book examines a range of techniques that are intended to help improve some 
aspect of performance, and examines how well they are able to achieve this. The 
various performance-enhancing techniques available can be divided into those 
where the individual remains passive (receiving a message, suggestion or stimulus) 
and those where the individual needs to take a more active approach. The book 
looks at a range of techniques within each of these categories to provide the reader 
with a sense of the traditional as well as the more contemporary approaches used to 
enhance human performance. The techniques covered include hypnosis, sleep 
learning, subliminal training and audio and visual cortical entrainment, as well as 
meditation, mnemonics, speed reading, biofeedback, neurofeedback and mental 
imagery practice. This is the first time such a broad range of techniques has been 
brought together to be assessed in terms of effectiveness.  


Morgan, William P.; Stegner, Aaron J. (2008). Hypnosis in Sport: 
Cases, Techniques and Issues. In Nash, Michael R. (Ed); Barnier, 
Amanda J. (Ed), The Oxford Handbook of Hypnosis: Theory, Research, 
and Practice, (pp. 681-696). New York, NY: Oxford University Press. 

This chapter focuses on professional consultation with emphasis on key points 
derived from selected cases, along with techniques and issues involving the use of 
hypnosis in exercise and sport settings. Athletes, coaches and sports medicine 
physicians sometimes request hypnosis for performance enhancement, as well as for 
the restoration of previous levels of performance following compromise. The 
guidelines to be advanced will go beyond the speculative level to include actual 
empirical data gathered in case studies, as well as results from other case studies 
reported in the literature. 


Grindstaff, Jason S.; Fisher, Leslee A. (Sep 2006). Sport Psychology 
Consultants’ Experience of Using Hypnosis in Their Practice: An 
Exploratory Investigation. The Sport Psychologist, Vol 20(3), 368-386. 

The purpose of this study was to explore sport psychology consultants’ experiences 
of using hypnosis in their practice. Specifically a better understanding of hypnosis 
utilization as a performance enhancement technique in applied sport psychology 
was sought. Semi-structured, in-depth interviews were conducted with six sport 
psychology consultants (all PhDs) who each possessed training and experience 
related to hypnosis. Analysis of the interview data revealed a variety of major 
themes and subthemes related to the guiding interview questions: (a) hypnosis 
training and experience, (b) stereotypes and misconceptions related to hypnosis,

(c) utilizing hypnosis as a performance enhancement technique, (d) advantages and 
disadvantages of using hypnosis with athletes, and (e) cultural considerations 
related to using hypnosis. 


Morton, Priscilla A. (Jul 2003). The Hypnotic Belay in Alpine 
Mountaineering: The Use of Self-Hypnosis for the Resolution of 
Sports Injuries and for Performance Enhancement. American 
Journal of Clinical Hypnosis, Vol 46(1), 45-51. 

The author, an experienced alpine mountaineer, sustained several traumatic 
climbing injuries over a two-year period. This article describes her multiple uses of 
self-hypnosis to deal with several challenges related to her returning to successful 
mountain climbing. She used self-hypnosis for physical healing and to enhance her 
motivation to resume climbing. She describes her use of hypnotic ego-strengthening,

mental rehearsal, age progression, and “Inner Strength” as well as 
active-alert trance states. Her successful summitting of Ecuador’s Cotopaxi at 
19,380 feet was facilitated by “The Hypnotic Belay” which permitted her to secure 
herself by self-hypnosis in addition to the rope used to secure climbers. 


Wooten, H. Ray; St. Germain, Noelle R. (2001). Heart-Centred 
Hypnotherapy in Sports Counselling. Journal of Heart-Centred 
Therapies, Vol. 4(1), 57-65. 

The use of hypnosis with athletes is well-represented in the literature. However, 
much of the existing functionality of hypnotherapy in sports is geared toward 
performance enhancement or aspects of performance. The use of hypnosis in 
dealing with developmental and identity issues of athletes has been minimally 
represented in the existing literature. Heart-Centred Hypnotherapy (HCH) is a 
model which utilizes the hypnotic process while expanding the focus to address the 
growth, healing, and transformation of mind, body, emotion, and spirit. This article 
demonstrates the effectiveness of utilizing the Heart-Centred Hypnotherapy 
(HCH) modality when counselling athletes. 


Druckman, Daniel (Ed); Bjork, Robert A. (Ed). (1994). Learning, 
Remembering, Believing: Enhancing Human Performance. In 
National Research Council, Commission on Behavioural & Social 
Sciences & Education, Committee on Techniques for the Enhancement 
of Human Performance. Washington, DC: National Academy Press. 

[This book builds] upon the latest psychological research, it considers how learning 
and performance can be enhanced and through what means. Specific issues are 
examined, such as how people confuse familiarity with mastery; what are the most 
444 Journal of Heart-Centred Therapies, 2010, Vol. 13, No. 1 
effective ways of developing team performance; and how self-esteem affects 
performance. Of particular interest is the section on the impact of mental and 
emotional states upon learning, remembering and believing, in which the techniques 
of sleep learning, hypnosis, and restricted environmental stimulation are analysed. 


Taylor, Jim; Horevitz, Richard; Balague, Gloria. (Mar 1993). The Use 
of Hypnosis in Applied Sport Psychology. The Sport Psychologist, 
Vol 7(1), 58-78. 

Examines the value of hypnosis in applied sport psychology. The following topics 
are addressed: (1) the nature of hypnosis, (2) theoretical perspectives on hypnosis, 
(3) hypnotisability, (4) factors influencing the effectiveness of hypnosis, (5) 
misconceptions and concerns about hypnosis, (6) the hypnotic process, (7) research 
on hypnosis and athletic performance, (8) uses in applied sport psychology, and (9) 
training in hypnosis. 

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